Calculating the precise weight of steel is crucial for various construction purposes, as it ensures the structural integrity and safety of buildings while preventing overloading issues. By using the correct weight formulas for steel, we can avoid errors that often occur during physical measurements, thereby significantly reducing the risks associated with structural failures.
Below is a detailed guide to help you understand and utilize the weight calculations for different types of steel components.
### Steel Bar Weight Chart
The following table provides accurate weights for steel bars based on their dimensions:
| Size (MM) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Min) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Avg) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Max) | Values KG/MTR. |
|-----------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------|
| 8 | 0.367 | 0.395 | 0.423 | 0.375 - 0.400 |
| 10 | 0.574 | 0.617 | 0.660 | 0.580 - 0.620 |
| 12 | 0.844 | 0.888 | 0.932 | 0.850 - 0.910 |
| 16 | 1.501 | 1.580 | 1.659 | 1.510 - 1.600 |
| Size (MM) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Min) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Avg) | BIS Standard KG/MTR. (Max) | Values KG/MTR. |
|-----------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|----------------|
| 20 | 2.396 | 2.470 | 2.544 | 2.400 - 2.510 |
| 25 | 3.734 | 3.856 | 3.964 | 3.750 - 3.910 |
| 28 | 4.685 | 4.830 | 4.975 | 4.700 - 4.900 |
| 32 | 6.121 | 6.310 | 6.499 | 6.184 - 6.436 |
### Weight Chart of Bars per Bundle
Here’s how much each bundle of steel bars weighs:
| Steel Bar Size (mm) | Pieces per Bundle (Nos.) | Length of Steel Bar (M) | Total Weight of Steel Bar Bundle (Kg) |
|---------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------|---------------------------------------|
| 8 | 10 | 12 | 45 |
| 10 | 7 | 12 | 48.72 |
| 12 | 5 | 12 | 51 |
| 16 | 3 | 12 | 54.36 |
### Steel Plate Weight Chart
The weight of steel plates varies depending on their thickness:
| Plate Thickness (mm) | Weight (kg/m²) |
|----------------------|----------------|
| 1.6 | 12.6 |
| 2 | 15.7 |
| 2.5 | 19.6 |
| 3 | 23.6 |
| 3.2 | 25.1 |
| 4 | 31.4 |
| 5 | 39.3 |
| 6 | 47.1 |
| 8 | 62.8 |
| 10 | 78.5 |
| 12.5 | 98.1 |
| 15 | 118 |
| 20 | 157 |
| 22.5 | 177 |
| 25 | 196 |
| 30 | 236 |
| 32 | 251 |
| 35 | 275 |
| 40 | 314 |
### Steel Bars Weight Formula
The weight of steel bars can be calculated using this simple formula:
**Steel Bars Weight = D²/162**
Where:
- **D** = Diameter
- **162** is a constant value
This formula is derived from the basic principle of calculating volume and multiplying it by the density of steel (7850 kg/m³).
For example, if the diameter of the steel bar is 10 mm:
- **W = D²/162**
- **W = 10²/162**
- **W = 100/162**
- **W ≈ 0.617 kg/m**
### Factors Influencing Steel Beams Weight Calculation
Several factors affect the weight of steel beams:
1. **Beam Size and Shapes**: The thickness, width, and height of the beam play a significant role.
- Cross-sectional shapes such as U-beams, H-beams, and I-beams also contribute to the overall weight.
2. **Beam Length**: Longer beams naturally weigh more than shorter ones if their cross-sectional area remains constant.
3. **Steel Grade and Density**: Different grades of steel have varying densities.
- Higher density steels result in heavier beams.
4. **Additional Load**: This includes both dead loads (permanent) and live loads (temporary).
- Dead loads include permanent fixtures, while live loads involve temporary or variable factors like people or machinery.
5. **Connections and Joints**: The type and number of joints and connections also impact the total weight.
### Steel Pipes Weight Formula
To calculate the weight of steel pipes, use the following formula:
**W = 0.02466 x D² x L / 10202**
Where:
- **W** = Steel pipe weight in kg/m
- **D** = Steel pipe outer diameter in mm
- **L** = Steel pipe length in meters
For instance:
- **D = 100 mm**, **L = 6 m**
- **W = 0.02466 x 100² x 6 / 10202**
- **W = 0.145 kg/m**
### Steel Bars Tolerance
Tolerances vary depending on the nominal size of the steel bars:
| Nominal Size (mm) | Tolerance on Batch (%) | Tolerance on Individual Sample (%) | Tolerance on Individual Samples for Coils Only (%) |
|--------------------|------------------------|-----------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Over 10 to 16 | ±5 | -6 | ±6 |
| Up to and including 10 | ±7 | -8 | ±8 |
| Over 16 | ±3 | -4 | ±4 |
### Steel Types and Its Density
Different types of steel have varying densities:
| Steel Type | Density (kg/m³) |
|--------------------|-----------------|
| Carbon Steel | 7840 |
| Tool Steel | 7715 |
| Wrought Iron | 7750 |
| Carbon Tool Steel | 7820 |
| Cold-Drawn Steel | 7830 |
| C1020 HR Steel | 7850 |
| Pure Iron | 7860 |
| Mild Steel | 7870 |
| Stainless Steel | 8030 |
### Steel Weight in Feet
Finally, here’s the weight of steel bars per foot:
| Size (mm) | Weight (kg/ft) |
|-----------|----------------|
| 6 | 0.067 |
| 8 | 0.120 |
| 10 | 0.188 |
| 12 | 0.270 |
| 16 | 0.480 |
| 20 | 0.751 |
| 25 | 1.174 |
| 32 | 1.925 |
By understanding these formulas and charts, you can ensure accurate weight calculations for steel components, leading to safer and more reliable construction projects.
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