Safety technology for mining surface with thin coal belt and roof broken belt
I. Safety measures for thin coal belts
For the thin coal belt of No.7# to the machine head, the mining height of the thinnest section is 0.4-0.6 meters, and the roof needs to be broken during the mining process; according to the actual situation of the mining surface, the mining height is timely controlled to rise and fall, so that the roof control can be reduced. The thickness of the broken rock shall prevail.
(1), gun mining considerations
For the mining face frame # 7 to the head section of thin coal (coal thin band longer or hours, followed by drilling position change), artificial stone drill blasting out of roof, coal cutting coal, and then push the slide frame shift ;
Arrangement of blastholes: using a positive charge, one eye is filled with a water cannon mud, and the rest is filled with gun mud, which is detonated in series. See the blasting chart. When moving according to the thin coal belt, timely release the vibrating gun according to the above method.
1. Breaking the rock and using the YT-28 (24) type pneumatic leg rock drill, the following is referred to as the wind drill. It is necessary to suspend the portable instrument at the upwind flow at a point of 5m, and monitor the gas dynamics in time. The gas is overrun and the operation is prohibited.
2. Check whether the tools used are complete before drilling, whether the wind drill pipe is leaking or not, and whether the wind drill is working normally.
3. The closing and closing of the air duct must be closed before and after the eye is opened. When the eye is hit, the air duct is hung on the mining surface and is not allowed to be placed in the conveyor slot. After the eye is finished, the wind drill and air duct are placed on the coal wall of the fan lane. At 20 meters away, the bracket is hung in a complete and dry place.
4. Before the eyes are opened, the top plate and the bracket of the eye-catching location must be inspected. If the roof is broken, the empty roof or the umbrella exceeds the regulations, it must be maintained or treated in advance;
5. When the personnel enter the side of the coal wall, strictly implement the system of knocking and helping the top, and handle the operation of the umbrella and the living raft.
6. Before the eyes are opened, the transporter and the shearer must be shut down to prevent malfunctions;
7. The face-lifting personnel must cooperate with each other to prevent slipping or rolling and injuring people;
8. Before the eyes are opened, the squad leader appropriately adjusts the eye distance and the amount of charge and the number of blastholes according to the condition of the roof. It is forbidden to enlarge the cannon; when the face piece is severely helped, when the roof is broken, it insists on “playing one eye, putting one eye and maintaining onceâ€. in principle. The blasting can only be continued when it is confirmed that there is no danger, and the blasting in the order of “top-down, first-eye and top-eye†is strictly enforced, and the charge per eye is not more than 400g.
9. Before blasting, take the necessary protective facilities (belts) for the brackets, water pipes, cables and other equipment at the blasting site. The cables without cable clamps on the machine head are protected by broken belts to avoid collapse, and necessary measures are also taken for the equipment. Ie: before blasting, galvanizing layer must live pillar mining face blasting stent segment hanging belt or other materials.
10, the bus should be used blasting bifurcated core insulation of copper wires, it prohibited the use of bare aluminum wire, except for using a single insulated bus blasting circuit. Do not use track, conveyor, for pipes and other circuit conductors.
11, the bus blasting, electric detonators foot line, before each blasting must kink vacant, allowed to metal pipes, cables, and other transport machines trough contacts with gold.
12, the blasting busbar is connected to the foot line, check the line, the charging work is only allowed to be operated by one blaster, and it is strictly forbidden to replace it.
13. Before the blasting, the team leader assigned a special person to set up a warning line. The warning position: strictly in accordance with the anti-burst measures of the mining face.
14. Strictly implement “one shot and three inspections†and “three-person interlocking blasting systemâ€. After the blaster receives the blasting order, the blaster will issue a warning sign for at least 5 seconds before blasting.
15. When there is no blasting after power-on, the blaster should remove the knob and pull out the key, and the busbar is removed from the squib and twisted into a short circuit to check along the circuit to find out the cause of the ringing.
16. When the blasthole is installed on duty, it must be put on duty. In special circumstances, the blasthole that has not been put on duty in the shift, the blaster on duty must be clear on the scene.
17. Dealing with refusal and residual explosion must be carried out under the guidance of the team leader. When the shift is completed, if the shift is not processed, the blaster on duty must pay off the blaster. The method of refusing the explosion is strictly in accordance with the “Safety Regulations for Coal Minesâ€. When handling and blasting large coal (rock) blocks, in accordance with Article 329 of the “Safety Regulations for Coal Minesâ€, bare blasting is strictly prohibited.
18. Explosive materials that cannot be used on duty must be returned to the explosive materials library.
19, hiding distance: strictly in accordance with the requirements of anti-burst measures.
(II), maintenance of the top board precautions
1. The front frame must be pulled in time and the bracket adjusted to ensure that the bracket effectively supports the top plate.
2. During the recovery period of the mining face, the height of the top plate of 1#-7# is 2m after the roof is broken.
3, the mining face bracket must be replenished in time to ensure sufficient initial support.
4, roof maintenance:
1 When the distance between the front beam and the coal wall is 300-500mm, firstly, the coal wall should be placed close to the coal wall, and then the large plate or the two sides should be erected along the inclination, and one large plate should be used to hit two single columns to support the coal wall. The top area, and then use the large plate to the bracket top beam to the empty top space of the coal wall to brake the back tight, the spacing of the single column is 1.0m.
2 When the front beam of the bracket is more than 500m away from the end face of the coal wall, it is necessary to erect the Shunshan shed along the round and semi-circular wood of the bracket top beam and the semi-circular wood, and lay the metal mesh on the mountain shed on the brake roof. To prevent the coal wall piece from causing the top to fall. Or use the erection along the strike erection, a set of brackets and two sheds, the shed distance is 0.75m, the beam is flat on both sides (140×140×1100mm), the front beam of the bracket is at least 200mm, one beam and two columns, the column spacing is 0.6-0.8 m, the side of the coal wall is close to the help of a single column, the beam head is close to the coal wall.
Note for 3 sheds:
A. When personnel enter the side of the coal wall, the system of knocking the top must be strictly implemented;
B. The shed will prepare the materials, supporting materials and hydraulic guns;
C. The shed must be descended from the top of the top surface of the mining face, and a shed will be used to protect the top and back, and then the next shed will be carried out.
D. The front and rear anti-rolling device must be blocked above the construction personnel to prevent the rolling from hurting people;
E. When the personnel are working on the side of the coal wall, a special person is set to observe the mountain, and it is strictly forbidden for the personnel to mishandle the handle;
F, when the top is not allowed to operate in parallel with other types of work;
H, brake top note: Before the brake top, you must carefully observe the top plate of the top range. After the top plate is completely stabilized, use the long tool to treat the live rock. From the top to bottom, from the edge to the top. In the middle, the ladder must be set up to clear the road, and the old workers with the experience should be arranged to brake the roof.
4 When hitting the help column, the concrete column should be used, and the single column must be hit on the solid bottom, and the initial support force is not less than 90KN.
5, deal with the top measures
According to the high mining surface, the coal wall is easy to support. When the personnel enters the mining operation, they must insist on maintaining the top plate first, and then dispose of the top and the slipper.
(1) When handling the top, the top plate must be maintained first, and the top plate is temporarily supported by the method from top to bottom. The specific method is as follows:
1 For the distance between the front beam and the coal wall face is less than 500mm, the beam is made of two sides (1100×140×140mm), one beam and two columns, along the inclined frame of the mountain shed, the column spacing is 600mm, which is used as temporary support.
2When the distance between the front beam and the coal wall face is more than 500mm, the round top and the semi-round wood tied with the steel beam at the top beam of the bracket are used to erect the mountain shed along the inclined roof, and the metal mesh is laid on the mountain shed on the brake roof. To prevent the coal wall piece from causing the top to fall.
(2), after the top of the accumulation process
After falling off the top, the meteorites accumulate on the transporter. When the personnel cleans up, all the handles of the face support are hit at zero position, and the stop valve of the frame is closed to prevent the smashing of the slab to the handlebar.
1 large piece of meteorite, must be crushed with a sledgehammer in the face, and then placed in the slipper.
2 The picking and cleaning personnel must stand in a safe place under the bracket. When rolling, the personnel can dodge, and the clearing personnel must do a good job of self-protection and mutual insurance.
3 The mining face must ensure that the signal of the transporter is smooth and sensitive, ensuring that the clearing personnel can grasp the slippage of the slipper in time.
4 The shearer must be powered off and locked.
6. During the process of pulling the frame, the balance jack must be adjusted in time to ensure that the front beam and the top plate are in contact with each other to prevent point or line contact.
7. When pulling the frame, the front beam must be tightly pressed against the coal wall to reduce the gap between the front beam and the coal wall to prevent the meteorite on the top beam of the bracket from leaking into the slipper, causing the bracket to be unacceptable.
8. If the end face distance between the front beam and the coal wall is still greater than 340mm after the bracket is pulled out, it must be maintained. Temporary support (use the front forging steel or temporary shed to support the roof) to prevent the empty roof.
9. Use short and large plates and bamboo poles to seal the gap between the bracket and the coal wall to prevent leakage.
(C), YT-28 type pneumatic leg rock drill use and precautions:
(1) The internal parts must be cleaned before use of the new machine to remove the rust-proof enamel on the surface of the part. When reassembling, the bolts and nuts are evenly tightened, and the drill rod is rotated in one direction without any jamming. Then the empty car runs for about 5 minutes to check whether the operation is normal. At the same time, check whether the operating handles and joints are flexible and reliable, and avoid loose parts. Take off people.
(2) Turn on the gas and water pipelines before starting the machine, and blow off the dirty foreign objects in the pipe and joints to prevent dirty foreign matter from entering the machine body, causing damage to parts and blockage of pipes.
(3) Adjust the oil volume before starting the machine, and regularly fill the oiler with oil. It must not be oil-free.
(4) When the eye is fixed, the driver of the wind drill and the worker of the lead welder cooperate with each other, and the person who leads the braze should stand on the side of the driver who avoids the wind drill.
(5) When opening the eye, the driver of the pneumatic drill holds the handle of the wind drill in one hand, and adjusts the control valve and the drill control valve in time according to the drilling situation. It is forbidden to stand before the wind drill and under the drill pipe.
(6) This machine is a wet center for water injection and rock drilling. It must be supplied with water after the water supply. In the process of drilling the hole, the water supply should be suitable. It should not be too large or too small. When the drilling is completed or the drill pipe is replaced, the water must be turned off after the air is blown.
(7) If two wind drills work at the same time, it is necessary to divide the area to make the drill order and the order of the work order.
(8) After using the pneumatic drill to complete the drilling, the drilling tool should be removed from the mining surface and stored in a safe place. The wind and water pipeline valves should be closed and the plates should be placed neatly.
(9) When drilling, charging, etc. need to enter the side of the coal wall, strictly implement the system of knocking and helping the top, and prohibit the operation of empty top. The coal mining machine and the conveyor will be stopped, and the power failure will be blocked. The system of power transmission will be strictly enforced.
Second, the safety measures for the over-fracture zone and super-high section
1. Precautions for shifting and adjusting
1 After the artificial blasting of the mining face or the coal cutting machine, the coal must be moved in time, and the floating coal in the push-pull jack is cleaned up, so that the roof can be effectively supported by the overhead frame.
2 When the roof of the mining face is broken, it is necessary to tie the I-beam on the top beam of the support along the inclined erection of the mountain shed, and lay a metal mesh in the erected shank shed or use two flat faces (1100×140×140mm) to make the beam. Two columns of beams, along the inclined frame of the mountain shed, with a column spacing of 600mm, as a temporary support to prevent the coal wall piece from causing the top to fall. Then use the DZ-25 (28) monomer column to help the belt pressure frame to rely on the front frame in time to ensure that the roof beam effectively supports the roof.
â‘¢ Use single column or frame help shift tone frame, you must select a reliable fulcrum, with a rope or iron wire (# 8?) Will be tied firmly monomer column, job, 3-4 people collaborate to find a good pillar of support points And in the place where the iron is placed on the iron, the wooden board or the leather is non-slip, and one person slowly supplies pressure at a safe place 10 meters away. After waiting for the top of the single column to be firmly fixed, the force is slightly weakened, and the personnel are hiding 10 meters away. Then gradually increase the pressure to make the single column fully stressed, use the rope or wire (8#) to smash the ends of the single column, and the personnel hide in the place where the single column can not be bombed to prevent injury. The operator uses the adjacent frame to operate, and the body hides under the cover beam behind the column, leaving the place where the column may be bounced.
4 Within the scope of the work, no pedestrians or people are allowed to stay during the operation. All personnel are hiding in a safe place 10 meters away from the operation point.
5 It is strictly forbidden to use the coal mining machine and the transport machine as the fulcrum for the adjustment.
6 When shifting the frame, the gap between the frames must be sealed with large plates and bamboo poles to prevent the injury.
7 When adjusting the frame, the top plate must be maintained in advance, and the maintenance should be carried out while adjusting the frame to prevent the roof accident when the frame is adjusted.
8 When the roof of the mining face is broken or the transporter is behind, it is necessary to strengthen the mining face and push it in time to adjust the frame to the front frame, and adjust all the side guards to prevent the extrusion. Level the top beam of the bracket and maintain the elevation angle of 70; ensure the strength of the bracket to support the roof.
2, the use of jack slings note
1 When the super-high roof of the mining face is broken, it is necessary to carry out the slipping and braking top at the same time in time, and reduce the mining height, which is subject to the coal machine.
2 When lifting the conveyor with a jack or a guide chain, the roof of the coal wall must be maintained to prevent the roof accident when the frame is moved.
Both ends of the 3 jacks are fixed and the ends of the guide chain must be fixed firmly to prevent the person from being injured when the force is applied.
4 There is no one in the gravity circle under the lifting tool. When lifting, the personnel should concentrate and operate slowly. At the same time, pay attention to the force of the chain, chain ring, screw, bracket, etc. at the joint. If the resistance is too large or there are other abnormalities, immediately Stop, find the cause and then lift it.
5 After lifting, properly handle the tank underneath, and support it.
6 When hoisting, the person hides in a safe place under the shield of the bracket.
Third, other safety precautions
1. When personnel enter the coal wall operation, they must implement the knockout top system, dispose of the active and dangerous rock of the coal wall in advance, and block the front and rear anti-rolling devices above the construction personnel to prevent the rolling and injury.
2. Before each shift starts, the required materials must be in place before production can start.
3, the coal wall of the coal wall must be cleaned up to ensure that the plane conveyor is straight, it is strictly prohibited to push the conveyor.
4. After the mining surface is moved, the guard plate must be opened in time, and the shut-off valve on the liquid inlet side of the bracket guard jack should be closed.
5. When the bracket is empty, it is necessary to lay the raft on the top beam of the bracket in time (using experienced workers to brake the roof, during the top of the brake, there must be no other types of work in parallel at the same time), using interlocking rafts to make rafts It is lifted with the top beam to effectively support the top plate.
6. When the roof of the mining face is to be maintained, it must be unified by the squad leader, and a special person to watch the mountain and watch the bracket to operate the handlebars to prevent accidental injury.
7. When the roof of the mining face is to be maintained, the materials to be transported must be coordinated and stabilized, and the non-operating personnel should stay away from the safe position.
8. The length of the lead support of the two lanes must conform to the operating regulations, and the head and tail should be kept at one beam and two columns. Ensure the strength of the upper and lower exit support.
9. Strengthen the management of mechanical and electrical equipment. Each shift must replace the hydraulic pipeline and damage the push-pull jacks in time to ensure that the front frame can be strengthened in time.
10. When the coal wall piece is severe or has a warning sign, it must be shut down, and the roof should be stopped in time to ensure the contact between the bracket and the top plate is tight.
11. The broken part of the roof must be “with pressure shifting frameâ€.
12. Strengthen the roof support management of the two-way dynamic pressure zone and the upper and lower exits, and tie the top-line dense columns, and use the π-type girders as required.
13. Construction shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of various measures of the operating procedures. Check and eliminate all kinds of unsafe hidden dangers, so that hidden dangers are not eliminated.
14. The cadres must follow the instructions on the spot, work with the workers, and work closely with each type of work to ensure safe production.
Other unfinished matters are strictly implemented in accordance with the "Working Regulations" and "Three Major Procedures" of this mining face.
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