Modern coal chemical project faces three major bottlenecks
At present, China's modern coal chemical projects represented by coal-to-oil, coal-to-olefins, coal-to-natural gas, and coal-to-ethylene glycol are in full swing. The initial successful operation of demonstration installations of Shenhua, Yitai, Datang International and Jinmei Chemical stimulated a large number of companies to quickly follow up. While mobilizing all over the country to rush into this area, the author believes that both the government and the project investors need to think calmly, and the construction of modern coal chemical projects still faces three major bottlenecks that need to be solved.
First, bottlenecks in technical equipment specifications and standards. The vast majority of modern coal chemical projects that have been completed are model projects determined by the state. They all adopt the most advanced technology and equipment in the world today. However, these technologies are still in the experimental stage and are improving and improving at any time. There is no modern coal chemical design specification standard. If there is, it can only draw on the petrochemical design specifications. Many problems in design and production, including key equipment and engineering, still need to undergo long-term operation of industrial demonstration to gradually improve, improve, and mature. In other words, these demonstration projects require many years of repeated practice before it is possible to overcome the difficulties of various types of processes, technologies, and equipment, and fully achieve technological maturity and economic viability. Taking the Shenhua Ordos coal-to-oil project as an example, the stable operation has been going on for nearly 10 years since the start of design and construction, but it still has not reached the designed capacity. Its designed capacity is 1.08 million tons of various types of oil products, and the actual production in 2012 is 86.5. Ten thousand tons. Moreover, the raw material coal for its economic calculation is the high-quality coal produced by Shenhua Group that is most suitable for the production of coal-based oil, and the price is also the internal deployment price. Therefore, it is very difficult for many localities and companies to simply replicate successful experiences.
Second, the bottleneck of technical talent shortage. Modern coal chemical industry needs the support of technical forces and the support of high-tech labor force. Especially in the continuous and large-scale production stage, the lack of skilled workers will cause great harm to the project construction and operation. In Inner Mongolia, there have been many accidents in the construction and operation of the four modern coal chemical demonstration units. Apart from objective reasons, many of them are man-made liability accidents. The problem reflected is shortage of talents. Modern coal chemical industry requires a large number of various types of professional and technical personnel and skilled operators, and the professional and technical personnel and operating workers cultivated by various schools will take 5 to 10 years to mature. This reality will directly affect the construction of coal chemical demonstration projects. And development. Therefore, how to cultivate and attract high-tech technicians and skilled workers is one of the key problems that must be solved for the construction of enterprises and local government projects.
Third, repeated vicious competition bottlenecks. At present, China's modern coal chemical industry presents a spurt-type development. At the same time, the layout is relatively decentralized and the level of construction is uneven. Industrial development requires both quantity and quality and scale, how to form a large-scale advantage, sustained development in competition, and avoiding vicious competition brought about by low-level redundant construction. This is a bottleneck problem faced by national and local government industrial management functional departments. . To adjust the industrial layout and integrate enterprises to promote large-scale development, it requires both market-based means and breakthroughs in administrative management methods. Shenhua Coal-to-olefins Phase II project and Yitai Coal-to-Petroleum Phase II project are all waiting for the country to “releaseâ€, which reflects the concerns and cautions of the state regarding the enlargement of modern coal chemical projects. As a result, the result will be not only a waste of resources, but also the "unfinished project" of technology and cost, and may even lead to the same overcapacity situation.
Therefore, modern coal chemical industry construction must embark on the path of scientific development. It requires both positive and positive guidance from the national and local governments, timely adjustment of industrial development strategies, strict implementation of access policies, prevention of low-level construction, and effective guarantee of advanced modern coal chemical industry. Sex, competitiveness, and sustainable development also require local and business leaders to stay clear-headed, see the industry's entry difficulty and market conditions, strengthen self-discipline, and make scientific decisions based on their own reality.
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