Stone salt (Halite)
[Chemical composition] often contains Br, Rb, Cs, Sr, etc., as well as inclusions of bubbles, brine, mud, organic matter, and mechanical inclusions of Ca and Mg chloride.
[crystal structure] equiaxed crystal system; 
-Fm3m; a 0 = 0.563 nm; Z = 4. The crystal structure is of the NaCl type. The Cl - set side is the closest packed, and the Na+ fills its octahedral void, a typical ionic bond.
[Form] The common crystal form is the cube {100}, followed by the polyhedron of the octahedron {111} and the cube {100}, and occasionally the intact octahedron (Figure H-25). A funnel-shaped cubic twin can sometimes be seen. The aggregate is granular, dense block or loose salt.
Figure H-25 Crystal salt crystal
[Physical properties] There are few colorless and transparent, and they are in various colors due to impurities. The blue color is related to the fact that sodium ions are free electrons and become neutral atoms (often caused by potassium radioisotopes); glass luster, weathered It is greased afterwards. Cleavage {100} complete (parallel electrical neutralization surface). Hardness 2 to 2.5. The relative density is 2.1 to 2.2. Crisp. Soluble in water, salty. Burned in a yellow flame. The temperature of 804 ° C.
[genesis and occurrence] is mainly produced in salt lakes of inland basins with arid climate, and a small amount of stone salt is the product of volcanic eruption. China's stone salt resources are abundant. In addition to the abundance of sea salt in coastal provinces, rock salt and lake salt in large areas exist in the northwest, southwest, south central and eastern China.
[Identification characteristics] Cubic crystal form, low hardness, soluble in water, and its main characteristics in salty taste.
[Uses] is indispensable foodstuffs and food preservatives; for chemical and textile industry; also as a raw material of sodium metal refining; sodium vapor lamps and other electrical charge Shangshih industrial salt for the production of light emission; bluish Colored stone salts can be used as a marker for finding KCl.
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