Nuclear valve knowledge

Nuclear valve knowledge introduction: I. Overview: nuclear power valve refers to the nuclear power plant in the nuclear island N1, conventional island CI and power plant auxiliary facilities BOP system used in the valve. From the safety level is divided into nuclear safety Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, non-nuclear level. One of the highest nuclear safety requirements. Nuclear power valves in the nuclear power plant is the use of a large number of media delivery control equipment, is an essential part of the safe operation of nuclear power plants. According to statistics, a nuclear power plant with two 1 million KW units has 30,000 sets of various types of valves. According to statistics, a total of 447 nuclear power generating units are currently operating in the world with a total installed capacity of 380 million KW, accounting for 16.2% of the world's total generating capacity. In 17 countries, the installed capacity of nuclear power stations accounts for more than 25% of their total generating capacity. Of these, France accounted for 77%, South Korea 38%, Japan 36% and Britain 28%. The United States has reached 20%. Among the nuclear power units in operation, over 50% are pressurized water reactors, followed by heavy water reactors, boiling water reactors, graphite reactors, fast breeder reactors and high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. The earliest application of nuclear power technology in China is the military industry. The first naval PWR nuclear-powered submarine was officially put into use in the early 1970s. Since 1985, China has independently designed and constructed Qinshan Phase III nuclear power plant of 300,000 KW since its establishment in 1985 and has successively constructed six nuclear power stations of Daya Bay Qinshan Phase II, Qinshan Phase III, Ling'ao, and Tianwan through the independent design and construction and the introduction of foreign technical methods. Installed capacity reached 8.7 million KW. Accounting for 2% of the national installed capacity of power generation. China plans to increase the installed capacity of nuclear power by 870 million KW to 40 million KW by 2020, accounting for about 4% of the total installed capacity of the country. From now on, at least two million-KW nuclear power plants will be built on average every year. In the completed nuclear power plant, except for Qinshan Phase III, which uses Canadian heavy water reactor type, the others are pressurized water reactors. Tianwan Nuclear Power Station provided by Russia, the largest stand-alone power parameters, 1.06 million KW. China Institute of Atomic Energy, Tsinghua University and other units to build fast neutron breeder reactor, advanced reactor, high temperature gas-cooled reactor in the country is still a research reactor, with experience gained will expand the construction of commercial reactor. It is noteworthy that AP600, an ultra-3rd generation PWR nuclear power plant designed by Westinghouse, USA, has higher operational safety and is designed with passive principles such as gravity, convection, condensation and the like for safety The driving force in the system greatly reduces the dynamic driving force of electricity, liquid and gas. At the same time, the valve usage is reduced by 50%, the pump is reduced by 35%, the amount of cable is reduced by 80%, the seismic rating requires a 45% reduction in the number of equipment, and the life of the power station can reach 60 years (now 30-40 years). However, this kind of nuclear power plant has not been built yet in operation in the world. At present, China is also carrying out research and experimental work on the third generation of nuclear power plants. The number of valves in nuclear power plants Take Daya Bay nuclear power station as an example. The nuclear island part accounts for 43.5%, the conventional island part accounts for 45% and the auxiliary facilities account for 11.5%. Its nuclear island part of the various types of valves used a total of 13,000 units. Valve configuration to see the situation, the valve accounted for 33.6%, diaphragm valve accounted for 26.2%, valve accounted for 12.8%. These three accounts for 72.6% of nuclear island valves. According to the distribution of safety grade, only 2.3% of nuclear grade Ⅰ, 52% of total nuclear grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ, and 45.7% of non-nuclear grade. The proportion of nuclear power valves in nuclear power plants accounts for about 1.6% of the construction cost of nuclear power plants. According to Ling Ao two one million KW unit nuclear power plant built price of 3.5 billion US dollars, the valve investment of 566 million US dollars, equivalent to about 460 million yuan. According to the plan of national nuclear power development, the total investment of new valves in new nuclear power plants will reach more than 7 billion yuan in 2020 (nearly 10 billion yuan will be taken into account if material price increases are taken into account). Nuclear power valve repair, replacement costs account for about 50% of the total nuclear power plant maintenance. A total annual maintenance cost of a nuclear power plant with two million kilowatt units will be around 135 million yuan. Valve repair, replacement costs reach about 67 million yuan each year. When the installed capacity of a million-kilowatt nuclear power plant in China reaches 20 million KW, annual maintenance and replacement costs of nuclear power valves will reach 670 million yuan. At present, the valves used in nuclear power plants in our country use almost all of the valves used for some other nuclear islands and conventional islands, except some domestically produced valves in Qinshan Phase I and Phase II. This situation and the state's plan to develop nuclear power by 2020 provide a good opportunity for the development of China's valve industry and a severe test for the valve industry in China. Second, the domestic level of nuclear power valves At present, 19 domestic enterprises have been granted by the National Nuclear Security Administration civilian nuclear pressure equipment design and production license, nuclear-level design and production of valves. Its design, production of the types of valve gate valve, globe valve, check valve, ball valve, butterfly valve, spring-loaded safety valve, regulating valve, throttle valve, diaphragm valve, bellows globe valve. Among the 19 enterprises that have design and production of nuclear grade Ⅰ valve there are five companies. Most of the domestically produced valves for nuclear power plants are non-nuclear and nuclear II and III valves. The development of domestic nuclear-grade valve started in the early 60s. Up to now, after decades of efforts, a certain amount of nuclear-grade valve design, experiment, manufacturing and testing capabilities have been formed domestically and a large number of nuclear and non-nuclear valves have been provided for the construction of Phase I and Phase II Qinshan Nuclear Power Station. For nuclear power valve made an important contribution. At present, the country has successfully developed and produced a pressurized water reactor nuclear island nuclear class Ⅰ electric gate valve, check valve; nuclear Ⅰ electric bellows globe valve, fast neutron breeder reactor nuclear Ⅱ electric bellows sodium globe valve with more High level of nuclear-grade valve. At the same time as the country's policy of developing nuclear power leads, this capability is being rapidly strengthened and expanded. However, we should also clearly recognize that due to the fact that some domestic nuclear power valves still have some problems such as low technical level, low quality and low reliability, they affect the localization of nuclear power valves to a certain extent. Some key valves in the nuclear island nuclear island and conventional island such as pilot-operated safety valve, regulating valve and main steam isolation valve can not provide mature and reliable products in China. At the same time, due to the limitation of experimental test methods of domestic nuclear power valves, as well as technical and management reasons, the reliability data of nuclear power valve products is small, the level of automatic control is low and the quality of products is not stable. Nuclear power is safe and reliable as the first principle. Domestic nuclear power valve problems that led to nuclear power plant owners do not want or not easy to adopt domestic production of nuclear power valves. This is our various valve companies need to take great efforts to be able to solve the technical level of nuclear power valve products and quality of this fundamental problem, but also the industry's concern. Need to take measures to solve the technical, personnel, policy, software, hardware, management and other aspects. Third, the introduction of foreign nuclear power valve Compared with the domestic nuclear power valve, the foreign nuclear power valve variety, advanced technology, excellent performance, high reliability. The United States built the world's first experimental nuclear reactor in 1942, and the former Soviet Union built the world's first nuclear power station in 1954. In the process of more than 60 years of nuclear power technology development, nuclear power valves alone have formed a complete system of design, experiment, manufacture and testing and accumulated a great deal of experience. The products are mature and technically reliable. Western companies such as the Westinghouse Company in the United States, Vaillant Canada and France's Famamaton hold the modern advanced nuclear technology. Velan's nuclear power valves have a good supply record in almost 90% of the world's nuclear power plants. Nuclear nuclear power plants in the world's nuclear island and many important conventional nuclear island, non-nuclear-grade valves, such as pilot-operated safety valves, main steam isolation valves, regulating valves and other nuclear power valve technology and market are well-known valve companies in developed countries Monopoly, and the price is very expensive. Major foreign companies producing nuclear power valves 1. Rockwell International Corp. (RockwellInternationalCorp.) Rockwell International Inc. is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the United States, the total number of employees more than 12 people. With more than 200 factories and offices, the company employs about 100 subsidiaries, affiliates and subsidiaries in more than 30 countries outside the United States. Companies from aerospace, automotive, electronics and general industry, the four major manufacturing sectors. A wide range of products, widely for high-precision engineering to provide equipment and components. Rockwell International's General Industrial Division flow control equipment products, including utilities, oil, natural gas and nuclear industries with industrial valves. The company produced the first metal-sealed diaphragm valve for nuclear power plants in 1974. 2. Germany's Sulzer KSB company The company was founded in 1871, formerly Frankenstein plant, Switzerland in January 1972 Sulzer and KSB company in the site of the establishment of Sulzer - KSB company, And invest 340,000 marks, specializing in nuclear power plant pumps and valves design and manufacture. The plant covers an area of ​​57400m2, the number of workers more than 3,000 people. The company's main products are nuclear reactors with cut-off valves, check valves, gate valves, spring safety valves, diaphragm valves. Acid-resistant steel and chemical cut-off valve, gate valve, diaphragm valve. 3. Velan Engineering Co., Ltd. of Canada (VelenEngineeringco.ltd.) Veland Engineering Company was founded in 1950, has now developed into a pioneer in the world valve industry. The existing 10 professional manufacturing plants, more than 2,000 employees. The company has offices in 60 countries. Valland Engineering's valve manufacturing plant in addition to three in the country, the remaining seven in the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Germany, Portugal and South Korea. Vilan Engineering Co., Ltd., as the major supplier of nuclear power valves, has won a reputation for its excellent quality. The company holds "N" licenses for ASME nuclear plants at three plants in North America. The company produces a large number of power plant valves, including nuclear power valves, of various types and parameters. Nuclear nuclear valve representative of a nuclear grade valve DN350, design pressure 17.6Mpa, the maximum operating temperature of 350 ℃; nuclear grade II main steam valve DN800, 1500 pounds. 24 countries in the world are using the company's nuclear power valves. 4. HaatterleyHeaton (Hartley Haitong), UK HaatterleyHeaton company has sixty years of experience in the production of steel valves, but also the main supplier of nuclear power plant valves. For more than 40 years, the company's highly sophisticated multi-type bellows seal valves have been widely used in nuclear power plants around the world and also in nuclear-powered submarines. 5. Fischer Control Company of the United States Fischer Control Company of the United States is well-known for its development and production of control valves. Pilot valves, cage valves, globe valves and pressure reducing valves Class control valve to regulate the pressure or flow steady, low noise, the implementing agencies action sensitive. Fourth, some views According to the excellent situation of the development of nuclear power plants in China and the status quo of nuclear power valve development, in order to achieve the rapid development of nuclear power, localization of nuclear power valves, personally think that China's valve enterprises, industries and countries should take measures to address nuclear localization of nuclear valves Some Problems. 1. As soon as possible to complete and improve China's nuclear power valve technical standards and norms. The existing EJ, GB, according to ASME, RCC-M standard supplement, in line with national conditions, improve maneuverability, in order to facilitate domestic nuclear power valve in the design, material selection, manufacturing, testing and other links to achieve localization. 2. Integration of the domestic valve industry nuclear power valve experiment, testing and identification of equipment and capabilities, resource sharing, to avoid duplication of investment in redundant construction, speed up the development of nuclear power valve speed. 3. To strengthen personnel training and the introduction of technology digestion and absorption. Improve nuclear power valve design capability and level. 4. To increase investment in software and hardware to ensure that the design, manufacture advanced means of parts processing and assembly of reliable quality. 5. Strengthen the welding, non-destructive testing, heat treatment and other special technical personnel training and assessment. Research and use of advanced technology to make parts manufacturing quality to meet the requirements of design drawings and standards. 6. Conduct staff education and training on nuclear safety awareness, strengthen the design and manufacture of nuclear power valves and quality management of the whole process and improve the management level. This article Keywords: valve

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