This year is the first year of the implementation of the new budget law. The public is generally concerned about: What are the highlights of the 2015 “state book†income and expenditure arrangement? How can a proactive fiscal policy be exerted in stabilizing economic growth, safeguarding and improving people's livelihood?
How to make financial resources: increase budget coordination, and more funds are tilted toward public finance. “This year’s budget report has new policies, new formulations, and new highlights. It’s very exciting.†The National People’s Congress and the Shandong Provincial Department of Finance Guoan said that while the National Account Book reported large accounts of fiscal revenues and expenditures, it also strengthened the interpretation of key expenditures and fiscal policies. The policy basis, expenditure standards, and key expenditure arrangements were analyzed in a more detailed manner, which was more convenient for public supervision.
Yu Guoan believes that one of the highlights of this year's budget report is to increase the coordination of several budgets, transfer 11 government funds such as local education supplements to the general public budget, and continue to increase the state-owned capital management budget into the general public. The proportion of the budget, which fully reflects the requirements of the new budget law.
The general public budget is mainly used to safeguard and improve people's livelihood, safeguard national security, and maintain the normal functioning of the state's administrative functions. It is closely related to the personal interests of the people. Incorporating more financial resources into this budget means that the government's ability to support basic public services is further enhanced.
According to the report, the national general public budget revenue in 2015 is estimated to be 154 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%. Together with the transfer of 100 billion yuan from the central budget stabilization fund, the total amount of income that can be arranged is estimated to be 155 billion yuan. The national general public budget expenditure was 1.715 trillion yuan, an increase of 10.6%.
“Awakening the sleeping funds on the account and re-arranging it into the general public budget is also a highlight of this year’s budget report. The central government’s use of the previous year’s carry-over funds amounted to 112.4 billion yuan, plus the carry-over balances used by local governments. With funds, the amount of funds available will be even larger. Liu Shangxi, director of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance, said that according to the requirements of the new budget law, these financial funds will focus on areas such as improvement of people's livelihood, public services and infrastructure. In the current situation of the decline in the growth of fiscal revenue, it will undoubtedly play a "timely rain" role in the financial resources of public finances.
How to determine the policy: appropriately expand the scale of the deficit, reduce taxes and reduce expenses, and reduce the burden on enterprises. At present, China's economy is facing downward pressure, stabilizing growth, promoting reform, adjusting structure, benefiting people's livelihood, and heavy tasks. How to make a positive fiscal policy?
In accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, in 2015, we will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and appropriately increase our efforts. The budget report shows that the central and local fiscal deficits have expanded, with a national fiscal deficit of 1,620 billion yuan, an increase of 270 billion yuan over 2014.
“The deficit accounts for about 2.3% of GDP, which is 0.2 percentage points higher than that of 2014. However, this indicator is still within the 3% international “warning lineâ€, which not only reflects the strengthening of the active fiscal policy, but also Considering the prevention of risks and sustainable development, it should be said that such arrangements are positive and stable." In addition, Liu Shangxi believes that the special government debts included in the budget management of government funds will increase by 100 billion yuan, and the available financial resources will increase further. It is conducive to maintaining a certain scale of government investment and playing a good guiding role.
According to the budget report, the central infrastructure investment in 2014 was 477.6 billion yuan, an increase of 20 billion yuan over the previous year. The investment direction is further adjusted and optimized, mainly for national major projects, cross-regional and inter-basin investment projects, and key external projects, reducing investment in competitive areas and investment subsidies for local small and scattered projects.
“Deduction of taxes and fees is also an important aspect of active fiscal policy. It enables enterprises to go into battle and put more money into expanding the market and transforming and upgrading.†Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman of the CPC Henan Provincial Committee, Henan Province Zhang Zhenyu, deputy director of the Department of Industry and Information Technology, said that small and micro enterprises are vital to economic development and stable employment, accounting for 99% of the total number of enterprises, providing more than 80% of urban jobs. At the beginning of the new year, the State Council introduced specific measures for tax reduction and fee reduction for enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises. The intensity is unprecedented, and it will play an important role in stabilizing growth and stabilizing employment.
How to calculate the fine account: focus on ensuring and improving people's livelihood, compressing the general expenditure of financial and tight money, and maintaining more pressure on expenditure arrangements, highlighting public finance priorities. Many people are concerned about the changes in the policy of this year's budget in education, medical care, social security, etc. How is the "small account" of expenditure calculated? The budget report gives a clear answer:
In terms of education, we will comprehensively improve the basic conditions for running schools with weak compulsory education. Implement the state subsidy policy system. The bursary standard for secondary vocational schools and ordinary high schools will be raised from 1,500 yuan per year to 2,000 yuan.
In terms of social security and employment, the basic pension level of enterprise retirees will continue to increase by 10%. Establish a basic endowment insurance system for government agencies and institutions. The unit pays 20% of the total wages, and the individual pays 8% of the base of the payroll. The establishment of the occupational annuity system, the unit pays 8% of the total wages, and the individual pays 4% of the base of the payment wage.
In the area of ​​medicine and health, we will increase investment in public health services and comprehensive reform of public hospitals. The financial subsidy standard for basic public health services has been raised from 35 yuan per capita to 40 yuan, and the use of funds continues to be tilted toward village doctors and primary health care institutions. We will improve the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, and raise the financial subsidy standard for new rural cooperative medical care and urban residents' basic medical insurance from 320 yuan per person per year to 380 yuan, and the personal contribution standard will be raised from 90 yuan to 120 yuan.
In terms of affordable housing projects, the company gradually shifted from physical security to physical security and monetary subsidies. The combination of “complementing bricks†and “replenishing the headâ€, using PPP mode or government purchasing services, guides social capital to participate in the purchase of public rental housing. Construction and operations management.
At the same time, it will reduce general expenditures, strictly control the budget of the “three publics†of various central departments, and reduce the funds for official vehicles according to the provisions of the bus reform. At the same time, continue to clean up "eat empty", super-edited people, etc., blocking financial funds to run a leak. Strengthen the performance evaluation of key people's livelihood expenditures, increase the effectiveness of spending money, and be ineffective, and ensure that limited financial funds are implemented and effective.
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